Aloe Vera, hailed as the “Ultimate Skin Soothing and Healing Plant,” is revered for its multitude of skin benefits. This succulent’s gel, rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, has been used for centuries to treat sunburns, cuts, rashes, and more. With its potent anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and moisturizing properties, Aloe Vera has become a staple in skincare products worldwide, making it a go-to remedy for skin issues ranging from dryness to acne. Its natural, soothing effects continue to be a cornerstone in both traditional and modern skincare practices.
1. Introduction
Aloe Vera, the ultimate skin soothing and healing plant, is a succulent plant species belonging to the genus Aloe. The leaves of this succulent plant are a rich source of nutrients, vitamins, and minerals, and have been long used in traditional medicine for many purposes. Aloe Vera is effective and harmless against skin irritations due to its high water content and other active ingredients. Aloe Vera, a medicinal succulent plant species from the genus Aloe, is now a popular source of skin-care cosmetics worldwide, particularly in lotions, gels, and ointments. The gel from this plant is commonly used for soothing sunburns, scrapes, and rashes, and is known for its ability to soften and moisturize skin, allowing for better penetration of nutrients. Aloe gel is also used as an anti-aging agent. Aloe Vera extracts possess several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, wound healing, moisturizing, antioxidant, and anti-acne effects [1].
Recent discoveries revealed that Aloe Vera extracts contain polysaccharides, anthraquinones, and fatty acids responsible for various biological activities. Due to their skin-soothing effects, topical applications of Aloe Vera extracts can reduce erythema, inflammation, itching, and pain induced by UV radiation, surfactants, or chemical agents. They can also accelerate wound healing during the inflammatory phase and improve hair growth. Aloe polysaccharides were found to have protective effects against acute skin injury by inhibiting several inflammatory pathways. Due to the increase in skin-care products incorporating Aloe Vera extract or gel, interest in the skin-permeating ability of Aloe Vera components is emerging [2].
2. History of Aloe Vera
Aloe Vera is one of nature’s most potent plants and has been a part of cultures for a long time. For centuries, it has been used as a nutritious dietary supplement, skin ointment, and healing balm by ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Hindus. Aloe Vera, or the “Queen of the Herbs,” has been used in Arabic medicine for over 2000 years [3]. Aloe has a long history of purported health benefits. Reports have existed since the early Greek and Roman times, and even before, asserting the healing power of Aloe. The ancient Egyptians called Aloe “the plant of immortality” and used it in their embalming rituals. Egyptians also regarded Aloe as the “heaven’s blessing,” as it is said that Cleopatra also used it every day to maintain her beauty. The “Father of Medicine,” Hippocrates, mentioned Aloe in his writings around 400 B.C. Greek people transported the plant to Greeks Islands, where it grew profusely. After Alexander’s travels to the East, the plant was transported to Asia and finally to America. Aloe was used in the Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine over 6000 years before it found a place in the traditional system of medication and was reported to possess wondrous properties.
According to the “Hortus Indicus Malabaricus,” a compilation of medicinal plants of Malabar prepared by Malayalam doctors during the 17th century, Aloe barbadensis was included as a beautiful plant [4]. Aristotle too believed that Aloe was helpful to treat wounds and wrote to Alexander the Great to spread the plant throughout his kingdom. Aloe’s soothing and healing properties have been recorded in various ancient texts, such as the Ebers Papyrus (1550 B.C.) and the Bible. Aloe Vera is a unique plant with a fascinating history.
3. Botanical Characteristics of Aloe Vera
Aloe Vera, known for its thick, fleshy, and greenish-white leaves, is a perennial succulent that grows in various regions worldwide. This plant typically reaches heights of 90 to 150 cm, with robust, serrated leaves filled with a translucent gel. The Aloe Vera plant blooms from April to June, producing a long, tubular inflorescence with yellow to red flowers. Morphologically, its leaves contain water-storing tissues, allowing it to thrive in arid climates while offering a rich source of hydrating nutrients for skincare use.
3.1. Description and structure
Ilhama, this species appears as a shrub, reaching a height of 90-150 cm. The plant’s stem clusters, which may reach 50 cm, are straight or curved, and frequently produce lateral branches. Its leaflets or prune leaves can reach 20 cm in height and 10 cm in middle width, the pinnate leaves appear as a surface mound of an equally green color, without spines or filaments. The inflorescence can reach a length of 200 cm, erect and branched. The flower appearing in terminal inflorescence is tubular-pedicellate, asymmetrical, and single-flowered (1–3); red to yellow (0.5-1)c), fleshy, 3- or 4-vel. The hex- or trihedral capsule contains up to at least six seeds measuring 0.8 x 1-2 mm and are ovoid to oblong in form. The fluorescence is rosiform, massive, axillary-scattered, producing 5-55 aggregated flowers (mostly about 20). The receptacle vessel is bell-shaped or cup-shaped (anti-corymbose) with five pubescent lobes (leaf-like), spreading to erect, lanceolate or three-cornered in shape, with prickle edges. The sepals are five joined poles (optional) or twisted around the ovary, with white transparent or reddish color, showing numerous brown-black punctulate glands (clear sense). The style is widely infundibuliform for half, having a half-lobed cylindrical column14–16. Its flowering period takes place from April to June and the fruiting period from October to November.
3.2. Morphological Characterization of Aloe Vera
The morphological characterization of freshly collected Aloe vera leaves revealed that the outer leaf has serrated smooth margins, and is greenish-white in color, and spineless with a thick cuticle. At the apical end, the leaf is sharp-pointed and the leaf broadens to a trapezium shape in the middle region. During the ventral leaf surface observation, fenniculate fibers, which are arranged in arches and have a green light, are visible beneath the epidermis. Observations of the leafy branches showed that they are succulent, fleshy, broad, tapering with resultant thorny edges [5].
4. Chemical Composition of Aloe Vera Gel
The Aloe Vera plant is composed of solid and liquid fractions. The solid fraction weight is dependent on the age of the leaves, which are composed of fiber, polysaccharides and proteins. The liquid fraction is composed of water (95%), glucose, fructose, acemannan, enzyme (SOD), vitamins, minerals, tannins, phenols and anthraglycosides, the known gel constituents are lipids, amino acids, carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals and enzymes. The mostly used gel (WHOLE) is extracted from the inner section of the leaf and is free of aloin and insoluble solids. Aloe barbadensis miller gel was analyzed by extraction with methanol, methanol:water (1:1), methanol:water (3:1), followed by chloroform and hexane/methylene/chloroform. The primary components of the gel extracts were found to be phenols and glycosylated flavonoids. Structurally diverse phenolic compounds, spreading in many polarities were found to be mostly present in the solid leaf extract of Aloe saponaria.
The chemical content of Aloe Vera gel as documented in various studies consists of sugars (polysaccharides and mono or disaccharides), amino acids, organic acids, enzymes, nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous compounds, vitamins and minerals. Over twenty different amino acids have been identified in the gel. Another paper reported on the isolation of free amino acids from aqueous Aloe Vera gels, especially tyrosine, cysteine and arginine, the contents were higher than in other plants. One study reported on the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Aloe barbadensis gel and the effect of SOD on the gel’s activity. Other studies investigated the mucin stimulating activity of Aloe polysaccharides and the gel’s immune enhancing activity, suggesting that mannose-containing polysaccharides are responsible for the effect. Aloe barbadensis gel treatment reduced joint swelling in rats and an inflammatory response was observed four hours after arachidonic acid induction [5].
5. Benefits of Aloe Vera for Skin Health
Aloe Vera has been referred to as the “miracle plant” because of its many therapeutic advantages. One of the major advantages of Aloe Vera gel is as a moisturizer, which is great for dry and itchy skin. Aloe gel penetrates the skin better than regular lotion and moisturizers; therefore, it does not leave a greasy feeling behind [4]. Its moisturizing ability helps speed up the healing process of skin wounds or cuts because it allows oxygen to be readily supplied to the afflicted area.
Furthermore, Aloe Vera has powerful anti-inflammatory action and can dramatically improve skin conditions such as sunburn, eczema, and psoriasis [1]. Alpha lipoic acid, derived from Aloe Vera, has been shown to alleviate inflammation-induced skin diseases, including contact dermatitis and allergic skin. Aloe Vera also benefits the skin as an excellent antiseptic and antimicrobial agent. Most conventional aloe products on the market have been heat-processed, which destroys all meaningful anthraquinones, leaving most products functionally useless. Aloe Vera gel contains saponoins, which is anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral. Therefore, applied topically, it protects the skin from harmful bacteria and germs.
5.1. Moisturizing Properties
[6] [1] Aloe leaves contain about 99% water, but this doesn’t cause skin irritation, allergic reactions, or toxicity. Aloe Vera leaves, when applied to the skin, deliver nutrients and moisturizing properties effectively. However, use with caution is advised, as some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions.
5.2. Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Aloe Vera has been found to be remarkably effective at alleviating inflammation from the skin in a study done on mice [3]. It significantly reduced inflammation on the skin tissue caused due to the irritants as well as soothed various skin conditions like dermatitis and psoriasis. Just about any kind of infection can cause the skin to become inflamed, red and painful. The key forces that drive the inflammatory response are pro-inflammatory chemicals and irritation. Aloe Vera is being used as a remedy from ancient times to soothe wounds and burn. Experimental studies expose the ability of Aloe Vera to inhibit a number of pro-inflammatory chemicals like TNF-alpha, PGE2, IL-1-beta. This has been reported to treat skin sores and skin inflammation from various conditions [1]. As Aloe Vera affects presumably downstream pro-inflammatory chemicals, it can be used on any kind of inflammatory condition quickly and effectively. The most noted effect of Aloe Vera use is its ability to cool the skin and reduce inflammation.
It is well known that several antioxidants can also prick inflammation and thus it is no wonder that Aloe Vera has been found to help in the cases of oxidative damage caused checkpoints from UV and caused by diseases from various hassles like radiations and smoke. Also, skin irritation and itchiness are substantially dampened by Aloe Vera. All this goes to prove its therapeutic role and ultimate weapon against skin problems.
5.3. Antimicrobial Activity
In an in vitro model of heme protein, aloe-emodin from Aloe vera demonstrated maximum activity as an anti-aggregatory agent. Aloe vera aqueous extract suppressed the growth and biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates. Aloe vera gel has been shown to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and other oral pathogens. Adhesion to buccal epithelial cells was reduced significantly by Aloe vera gel and aloe-emodin. Aloe-emodin acts inhibiting biofilm development and extracellular protein production against S. aureus. Aloe vera extracts have shown to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The inner gel of Aloe vera has effectively inhibited the other Gram-negative bacteria and the fungus Candida albicans. Concentrations up to 1 mg/mL of Aloe vera aqueous extracts could inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. In a clinical trial, daily drinking of Aloe vera gel extract for 14 days exerted antimicrobial activity as shown in a reduction of Lactobacillus spp. number [1].
The present study is aimed to investigate the comparative study of Aloe vera and antibiotics against different bacterial isolates from skin infection. The study was planned to investigate the antimicrobial properties of several Aloe vera extracts. All the Aloe vera extracts were screened for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method against the bacterial isolates. Results indicated broad-spectrum antibacterial activity of the Aloe vera leaf and root extracts against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Aloe vera Exracts showed a significant diameter zone of inhibition and inhibitory concentration against all the tested bacterial isolates. Aloe vera gel at an optimum concentration of 5% in combination with antibiotics can be most effectively used against the test bacterial strains. Aloe vera at optimum concentration could be used as an antiseptic for the prevention of some microbial skin wound infections [7].
6. Common Skin Conditions Treated with Aloe Vera
Aloe vera gel is one of the best treatments for sunburned skin. Its cooling effect instantly relieves soreness and tenderness, and the gel also helps the skin heal quickly. A paste made from aleo vera powder mixed with either rose water or white vinegar can be applied to sunburns before bedtime for best results [1].
The gel can be used in an acne facial scrub, mixed with lemon juice and powdered walnut (two tablespoons) or oatmeal (four tablespoons). Ideally, the mixture should be applied for about an hour daily and rinsed off. Aloe Vera can also be in acne masks and other treatments since it is effective in reducing it and preventing scarring [4].
Eczema can be calmed and its outbreak reduced by applying Aloe Vera. In one instance, a 55-year-old physician managed, after trying other treatments, to successfully reduce chronic, disfiguring eczema using Aloe Vera gel in a vinegar solution, with promising results after just one week. This approach was continued daily for two years, during which only one small area of discoloration remained.
6.1. Sunburns
Sunburns can lead to dry, red, stinging, and peeling skin. These sunburn signs and symptoms arise when UV rays damage skin cells. The first response to this injury is increased blood flow to the affected area, which results in redness and swelling. The skin then begins to painfully peel as the body’s way of getting rid of the damaged skin cells [8]. Aloe Vera has been used for centuries to soothe the irritated skin caused by sun damage. Isolated from the spiny, succulent aloe leaves, the pale green gel cools hot, irritated skin and moisturizes while stimulating healing. Natural aloe gel is an effective after-sun treatment and can be applied generously to sunburned skin.
Aloe Vera contains numerous vitamins and enzymes that promote skin healing and aid in sunburn relief. Aloe also contains a natural sun-blocking compound, which helps protect against and prevent sunburns. Aloe gel naturally penetrates the skin and promotes circulation and cell regeneration. This soothing gel forms a protective barrier that holds moisture and provides a protective cover, preventing further damage to sunburned skin. Aloe also helps restore skin’s natural pH, which is important in sunburn recovery [1]. Aloe Vera’s ability to burn and sunburn effectively has made it one of the most valuable and well-known remedies for treating the unfortunate consequences of sun exposure.
6.2. Acne
Acne presents a challenge beyond just skin appearance, as it impacts self-esteem and confidence, affecting both teenagers and adults. Current treatments with antibiotics, benzyl-peroxide, retinoids, and hormonal therapies can be effective but often come with side effects and long-term complications. This opens the door for natural and safer alternatives. Aloe vera, often called the “Wonder Plant,” is touted by many as effective against acne and has garnered attention in schools of cosmetology for introducing a natural adult-acne facial treatment. Aloe vera preparations are available as over-the-counter products, but it’s important to distinguish between harmful and harmless compositions. Aloe vera gel is gentle on the skin and has therapeutic properties. Damage or imbalances in the skin barrier and microflora can lead to increased acne-induced inflammation, making it critical to use preparations that restore the skin barrier, not overly strip it. Aloe vera gel has a pH similar to that of skin (4.5-6) and is believed to have gentle yet effective anti-acne properties due to its polysaccharides [3] ; [1].
6.3. Eczema
This common skin condition, which can affect people of all ages, occurs when the skin barrier becomes compromised, resulting in inflammation and irritation. While the exact cause of eczema is unknown (though hereditary factors are thought to play a part), other triggers can exacerbate symptoms, including certain products (fall allergies, etc.) and environmental stressors (such as humidity, heat, and harsh soaps).
Although people with eczema may be more prone to skin infections, Aloe Vera can soothe this affected skin. It possesses natural calming properties that, combined with its moisturizing aspects, can help ease the itching and discomfort that come with eczema. [1] recommend using pure Aloe Vera, as most products contain high amounts of alcohol, fragrances, and artificial ingredients, which may cause more irritation.
7. How to Use Aloe Vera for Skin Care
Ready to dive into the amazing world of Aloe Vera and unleash its healing powers on your skin, especially your face? Here are a few incredible tips to get you started.
DIY Aloe Vera Face Masks Do you dream of having radiant and spotless skin? You can make that dream come true with Aloe Vera! It’s a skin-loving plant from nature that can help reduce blemishes and lighten skin tone. Try these super easy and effective DIY Aloe Vera face masks: Mix 1 tablespoon of Aloe Vera gel with 1 teaspoon of lemon juice. Apply it as a mask to your face and leave it on for 30 minutes, then rinse it off with water for a clearer complexion! Or, mix 1/2 tablespoon of Aloe Vera gel with 1/2 tablespoon of honey. Apply it to your face and neck for 20-30 minutes, then wash it off. This mask helps moisturize your skin and fights aging! [1]
Spot Treatment If you have acne-prone skin, Aloe Vera can also help! Cut a leaf off the plant, squeeze it, and apply the freshly extracted gel directly on the pimple or acne scar. For oily skin, mix Aloe Vera gel with a few drops of tea tree oil or see if it works with a pinch of turmeric to say goodbye to those pesky zits! Aloe Vera is not just for the face; it works wonders on your lips and under-eye circles too! [3]
7.1. DIY Aloe Vera Face Masks
Unleashing the Power of Aloe Vera: DIY Aloe Vera Face Masks
Aloe Vera, often dubbed the “plant of immortality,” has been cherished for centuries due to its incredible health benefits. Allegedly delivered to Cleopatra by Greek explorers, this succulent plant has found its way into countless skincare products, thanks to its rejuvenating and hydrating properties that suit various skin types. While Aloe Vera gels available in supermarkets are convenient, nothing beats the freshness of plant-derived masks. So, let’s explore some creative and natural DIY recipes that harness the power of Aloe Vera for skin nourishment.
- Aloe Vera and Turmeric Face Mask: Rich in antioxidants and antibacterial properties, turmeric combats acne and blemishes, while Aloe Vera hydrates and soothes the skin. Mixing 1 tsp of turmeric powder with 2 tsp of Aloe Vera gel results in a paste that, when applied for 20 minutes, leaves the skin glowing and renewed.
- Aloe Vera and Yoghurt Face Mask: The combination of Aloe Vera and yoghurt soothes the skin, absorbs excess oil, and cleanses dirt. This mask, made by mixing 1 tbsp of Aloe Vera gel with 1 tbsp of yoghurt and applied for 25 minutes, brightens dull skin and tightens pores.
- Aloe Vera and Olive Oil Face Mask: For those with dry skin, this mask provides deep hydration. Mixing 1 tbsp of Aloe Vera gel with 1 tbsp of extra-virgin olive oil and massaging for 15 minutes enhances moisture retention, leaving the skin soft and supple.
- Aloe Vera and Egg White Face Mask: Egg white tightens skin and refines pores, while Aloe Vera hydrates and nourishes. This mask, made by whisking 1 egg white and mixing in 2 tsp Aloe Vera gel, is applied for 25 minutes and helps with acne and oily skin.
- Aloe Vera and Rice Flour Face Mask: Exfoliating and soothing, this mask helps combat acne and lighten scars. Mixing 1 tbsp of rice flour with 2 tbsp of Aloe Vera gel results in a paste massaged onto the face for 15 minutes to gently scrub away impurities and dead skin cells.
- Aloe Vera and Honey Face Mask: Combining the antibacterial properties of honey with Aloe Vera, this mask combats acne, nourishes, and hydrates. Mixing 1 tbsp of honey with 2 tsp of Aloe Vera gel and applying for 20 minutes soothes sunburnt skin and promotes healing.
- Aloe Vera and Papaya Face Mask: Rich in vitamins and enzymes, papaya reduces blemishes and pigmentation while Aloe Vera soothes and hydrates. This mask is made by mashing half a papaya and mixing it with 2 tbsp of Aloe Vera gel, applied for 20 minutes to cleanse and hydrate the skin.
These Aloe Vera face masks, bursting with natural goodness, promise healthy, hydrated, and radiant skin.
7.2. Aloe Vera Gel as a Spot Treatment
Consider using Aloe Vera gel as a spot treatment on areas that need more specific healing. Aloe Vera has natural antibacterial properties which will aid in preventing the affected area from becoming infected. Additionally, Aloe Vera gel will help soothe skin irritations like skin redness, rashes, and swelling. To perform a spot treatment with Aloe Vera gel, apply the gel directly on the area that needs specific healing. Be generous with the application but be careful to not slather on too much, since it can feel too tacky. Leave the gel sitting on the area for as long as possible, ideally overnight so it can deeply penetrate around the problem and heal the area. Rinse off the Aloe Vera gel in the morning and reapply as necessary throughout that day [5].
If there are any cuts, scratches, or spots that you worry may be developing into a scab, apply Aloe Vera gel as a spot treatment with a cotton swab. The benefits of Aloe Vera gel on scars will depend on how soon you can apply the gel to the affected area before it starts to heal. It is best to take action before the scab is formed. For the best result, keep the surface area moist with Aloe Vera gel until the skin completely heals.
8. Aloe Vera in Traditional Medicine
Aloe Vera is an important medicinal plant which has been traditionally the important part of native medicine in many cultures worldwide. Being the ‘wonder plant’, the medicinal and economic importance of Aloe Vera plants and formulations scientifically prepared from this plant has been discussed. Aloe Vera, a perennial succulent plant of the lily family having thick fleshy leaves, has been recognized as the ‘magic herb’ [4]. Its historical usage in many cultures, especially Egyptian red color derived from the plant for coloring hair, stone carvings praising and requesting Goddess USP66747074 Arab-Indian Aloe Vera plant is one of the single isolated plants reported in legendary health and beauty treatment such as ancient Greek physician Hippocrates “Father of Medicine”, Cleopatra of Egypt, and the famous Greek scholar Alexander the Great [3]. Aloe Vera is known as ‘The Wand of Heaven’ and ‘The Silent Healer’ in Chinese and Arabic medicinal system, respectively. Aloe Vera is the sacred plant of ‘White Angel’ victorious over all diseases according to Hebrew scripture. Thus, Aloe Vera has played and still playing an important role in many aspects of human life from cradle to grave.
In the Hindu traditions, Aloe Vera has been used for purifying the mouth and preparing a post-birth product ‘Sooji’ for the mother. The Mleiha tribe of UAE prepares gel from Aloe Vera, and it is used for enhancing beauty and giving cooling effects. Even today, Aloe Vera is one of the common ingredients used in Indian cosmetics. Apart from applications as skin and beauty product, Aloe Vera has been used in Ayurveda and other traditional medicinal systems for the treatment of diseases such as jaundice, liver ailments, constipation, piles, diabetes, wounds, bruises, insect bites, gallbladder, cancer, kidney stone, fever, cough, abdominal pain, asthma, hypertension, and several skin diseases. In traditional medicine, the inner leaf gel of fresh Aloe Vera is used for skin ailments such as burns, cuts, bruises, rashes, wounds, sunburn, insect bites, psoriasis, acne, freckles and occupations such as pimples, fight with skin fungal, purifying skin, enhancing beauty and wet skin treatment.
9. Commercial Uses of Aloe Vera
Besides horticulture, Aloe vera also has commercial applications. Aloe vera is widely used in the cosmetic industry. Aloe-based lotions, creams, moisturizers, conditioners, and countless cosmetics are on the market. The use of Aloe vera gel in sunscreen preparations is interesting, as it calms and heals the skin after prolonged exposure to sunlight [3]. Aloe vera is also widely used in the food industry. Some companies are involved in the production of juices, drinks, health foods, and nutritional supplements. Aloe vera gel and powder are also used as food preservatives, giving Aloe vera a growing demand in the food industry. Aloe beverages prepared with fruit juices, sugar, sweeteners, and other flavors are available on the market.
Aloe vera is a phenomenal and multipurpose plant, as nearly all parts of the Aloe vera plant can be exploited commercially. Commercialization of Aloe vera means its exploration in a business venture, considering the plant as the economic crop. Aloe vera can be easily grown even in dry, poor, stony, and sandy soils under the scorching sun. Aloe vera chromosomes can be rapidly propagated in nursery and fields. Hardening Aloe vera is also quite easy, as the plant can be established on waste barren land, facilitating Aloe vera to be a mass-planting crop. This horticultural crop has a worldwide distribution and can fetch foreign exchange by exporting the plant or its aloe-based products [4].
10. Aloe Vera Products in the Market
Aloe Vera Gel is readily available for direct application to skin and hair. It is packaged in bottles, tubes, and jars in a variety of brands. Considerations include whether strictly pure gel or additive-laden gels are preferable, the need for a preservative (which would affect skin sensitivity), recommended frequency of application, time of best absorption, and the type of dispenser preferred. Aloe Vera plants also come potted with hand-written instructions (usually vague) on how to alternate a few clippings each week into a few tablespoons of gel. Raw leaf gel can, at times, be a more pampering experience than a bought gel, containing no additives, coupled with the convenience of it being always readily available at home [5].
Aloe Vera combined with other botanical ingredients results in ointments, creams, and lotions. Usually a formulation of good moisture is claimed, the long-lasting freshness is touted, and preservatives, colorants, and fragrances which irritate sensitive skin may be included. or oily skins may be treated with “Oops, I didn’t think anyone would know my skin was oily” creams. Other combinations integrate Aloe Vera with potent chemistries like BHA as well as make-up [2].
10.1. Aloe Vera Gel
Aloe Vera gel has gained popularity as an affordable and effective solution for minor skin irritations. This distinct gel-like substance, separate from the thick sap or juice, serves various purposes for both topical use and interior consumption. This section will outline its uses and benefits.
There are different forms of Aloe Vera based on its preparation prior to packaging. Whole leaf Aloe Vera gel, derived from the leaf’s inner fillet, is often seen as the highest quality product. Depending on the brand, it can be found as a clear gel or a milky substance containing pre-gel powders. Whole leaf gel is typically far less processed than “pure” Aloe Vera gel, which is produced from the sap. Gel produced this way is almost always filtered to remove the laxative anthraquinones, leaving behind a watery product with little to no skin benefits [1]. Therefore, if the intent is to source Aloe Vera gel, the whole leaf product is recommended. Look for brands that package this gel fresh and without additives.
There are several reasons why Aloe Vera gel can assist with skin issues. First and foremost, it is an incredibly soothing and healing substance. Its composition of vitamins, minerals, enzymes, and amino acids delivers an easily absorbable solution that penetrates the skin [2]. Aloe Vera also contains many properties that promote wound healing, including anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and cell proliferation properties, furthering its effectiveness in handling minor skin irritations ranging from burns to cuts.
Aloe Vera is generally well-tolerated; however, some mild allergic reactions have been reported. To test for any adverse reactions, a patch test can be conducted prior to full application. To perform a patch test, apply a small amount of Aloe Vera gel to an inconspicuous spot on the skin, such as behind an ear or at the crease of the elbow. After a 24-hour waiting period, if no irritation has occurred, feel free to proceed with use.
10.2. Aloe Vera Creams and Lotions
Aloe Vera lotions and creams have gained immense popularity due to their natural and soothing properties. Aloe Vera, also known as Bartlett, is a succulent plant that grows in arid climates. It is renowned for its topical healing properties and has been used for centuries for its numerous benefits. Aloe Vera creams and lotions are widely used for moisturizing and healing dry skin. They contain natural Aloe Vera extracts that hydrate the skin and provide soothing relief from irritation and inflammation. These products are lightweight and easily absorbed, making them suitable for daily use. Aloe Vera creams and lotions help restore the skin’s moisture balance and prevent further dryness, making them ideal for individuals with sensitive or easily irritated skin [1].
Aloe Vera creams and lotions are formulated to cater to specific skin types and needs. Some products are enriched with additional ingredients such as vitamins, antioxidants, and essential oils to enhance their benefits. Aloe Vera gel creams provide a cooling sensation and are perfect for post-sun exposure or hot weather. Aloe Vera anti-aging creams are designed to reduce fine lines and wrinkles, promoting a more youthful appearance. Aloe Vera body lotions are ideal for overall hydration, leaving the skin soft and supple. With their natural ingredients and versatility, Aloe Vera creams and lotions have become a staple in skincare routines worldwide [2].
11. Safety and Precautions when Using Aloe Vera
Although Aloe Vera is a natural product, precautions should be exercised while using it, especially during the first-time use. Some people may have an allergic reaction to Aloe Vera, which may cause a rash, redness, or irritation [3]. It is also important to note that you should avoid taking Aloe Vera products internally if you take medications to control blood sugar, laxatives, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, or drugs that affect potassium levels. Aloe Vera interacts with those medications and alters their effectiveness.
It is always advised to perform a patch test before applying Aloe Vera directly to the skin. This is especially important for first-time users who are going to use Aloe Vera for the first time. The patch test can be done by applying a small amount of Aloe Vera gel to a small area of the forearm. Wait for 24 hours and monitor for any adverse reactions such as redness or rashes. If there are no adverse reactions, it is then safe to use Aloe Vera gel on a larger area of the skin [1].
11.1. Possible Allergic Reactions
For some people, using Aloe Vera can evoke an allergic reaction. If any redness, irritation, or burning occurs, this gel should be washed off immediately and not used again. Usually, a minor sensitivity to the Aloe Vera occurs, revealing itself by reddening of the skin. This should still be monitored closely, as with continued use an increased sensitivity may develop and other allergy symptoms surface [1]. Here are some signs to look for if Aloe Vera has been applied to the skin. Watch for redness, which indicates irritation, kind of like a sunburn. Also watch for bumps, which indicate hives and an allergic response, possibly mild or severe.
Aloe Vera can heighten an allergic response to other allergens. If allergies to pollen or dust exist, using Aloe Vera may increase watery eyes and sneezing. Nausea and vomiting have also been associated with allergic reactions. Any swelling in the face, tongue, or throat, along with difficulty breathing, is an emergency and immediate medical care should be sought [2].
11.2. Interactions with Medications
There is a possibility of Aloe Vera interacting with some medications, further affecting their effectiveness. Research has discovered some specific anti-diabetic medications affected by Aloe Vera. Aloe Vera supplements may decrease blood sugar levels, according to a review article published in the International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research. It would be best to be cautious with other diabetic drugs, including glimepiride, repaglinide, and metformin. Also, Aloe Vera supplements may not be suitable for using with diuretics as well as some heart medications [4]. Always talk with a healthcare professional before taking Aloe Vera supplements with a medication plan.
It is crucial to inform a healthcare provider about taking Aloe Vera supplements, particularly when undergoing chronic treatments. Aloe Vera may have health benefits, such as promoting skin healing, but it may also pose risks, particularly when taken with blood sugar and diuretic medications. More research is necessary to fully understand how Aloe Vera interacts with medications [2].
12. Future Research and Developments in Aloe Vera
While Aloe Vera has been extensively used in traditional medicine, future research is delving deeper into its potential for modern therapeutic applications. Clinical trials are underway to explore its effects on skin conditions, wound healing, and even chronic illnesses. Researchers are also investigating Aloe Vera’s potential in enhancing immune responses and its role in treating inflammatory diseases. With ongoing studies, Aloe Vera may soon be recognized not only as a skin-soothing remedy but also as a valuable component in advanced medicinal treatments [4] [1].
12.1. Clinical Trials and Studies
Clinical trials and studies that focus solely on Aloe vera are scarce. However, many other clinical trials conducted on Aloe vera that only recorded Aloe vera as their treatment or one of their treatments recorded very interesting results. These clinical trials and studies can be divided into their focus area.
Some studies focus solely on Aloe vera’s skin and wound healing effects on humans and animals. Aloe vera has beneficial effects in improving chronic anal fissure pain, wound healing, and hemorrhaging upon defecation. A different study confirmed that Aloe vera positively affects wound healing after abdominal surgery [4]. In one animal study, Aloe vera exhibits significant wound healing activity, accelerating the closure of wounds, and effectively helps to maintain the skin architecture and collagen content. Aloe vera also upregulated the TGF-β expression until 14 days of treatment in a dose-dependent manner and further increased the hydroxyproline accumulation in full-thickness excision wounds on a mouse dorsal. Significant wound healing efficacy with increased granulation tissue thickness, collagen content, and epithelialization after 21-days treatment were also found in a different study using a full-thickness excision wound model on rats [1].
Controversial results were also recorded. On a murine clotrimazole-induced ear edema model, Aloe vera failed to prevent ear swelling and did not significantly reduce the degree of inflammation, total content of DNA and prostaglandins in the ear tissue, and the activity of cyclooxygenase. Infusion treatment of Aloe vera 9 mL/100 g body weight/day for three weeks on broilers also failed to show decreased footpad swelling and mortality due to septic arthritis and pododermatitis. Infusion treatment Aloe vera 2.83 and 4.25 mL/kg day also failed to observe any improvement in wound healing activity in 10- and 14-day treatments on diabetic rats.
13. Conclusion
Aloe Vera is an incredibly versatile plant known for its numerous uses and associated benefits/hazards. From beverage lover to skincare enthusiast, everyone is now a fan of Aloe Vera, popularly known as the “wonder plant.” Aloe Vera belongs to the succulent plant species family, which can survive without much water. The plant has thick leaves that fill with a clear gel that is often used in topical ointments, cosmetics, antitabac drinks, and as topical treatments for skin wounds. Aloe Vera’s healing effects on topical wounds have been acknowledged since ancient times; it has been mentioned in ancient Egyptian papyrus as a wound-healing medicine [4]. Aloe Vera has several bioactive compounds that soothe wounds, primarily containing glycoproteins, polysaccharides, vitamins, and minerals. The plant extracts accelerate wound healing by modulating the inflammatory phase, enhancing the proliferation of growth factors, glycosaminoglycans, and collagen deposition, and facilitating re-epithelization. Apart from topical healing properties, Aloe Vera-based products like Aloe Vera gel and juice are also consumed for skin protection against tanning effects produced by UVB exposure.
Aloe Vera, popularly known as the ‘Wonder Plant’ and ‘Plant of Immortality,’ is one of the nature’s most versatile plants. Aloe Vera has gained huge popularity, starting from beverages to skincare, among the young and the old alike. Aloe Vera is a perennial succulent plant species of the genus Aloe. The leaves are thick, fleshy, and contain a clear gel. It is used in topical ointments, cosmetics, lotions, beverages, and as topical treatment for minor burns. Aloe Vera has also been considered as one of the best tonics for skin [1]. There are two main product categories for Aloe Vera: Aloe Vera gel and Aloe Vera juice. The gel is prepared from the inner leaf fillets and is transparent in color; it is used widely in skincare products. Aloe Vera juice is prepared from the whole leaf extracts and appears yellowish; it is consumed for its health benefits. Aloe Vera is also known as a tropical plant and can be grown worldwide throughout tropical and subtropical areas.
References:
[1] M. Sánchez, E. González-Burgos, I. Iglesias, and M. Pilar Gómez-Serranillos, “Pharmacological Update Properties of Aloe Vera and its Major Active Constituents,” 2020. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
[2] M. Chelu, A. Magdalena Musuc, M. Popa, and J. Calderon Moreno, “Aloe vera-Based Hydrogels for Wound Healing: Properties and Therapeutic Effects,” 2023. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
[3] V. K. Gupta and S. Malhotra, “Pharmacological attribute of Aloe vera: Revalidation through experimental and clinical studies,” 2012. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
[4] J. Adewole Alara and O. Ruth Alara, “Ethno-medicinal potentials and phytochemical properties of aloe vera: A review,” 2019. [PDF]
[5] N. Chinchilla Salcedo, C. Adrián Carrera Fernández, A. G. Durán, M. Macías et al., “Aloe barbadensis: how a miraculous plant becomes reality,” 2013. [PDF]
[6] S. Razia, H. Park, E. Shin, K. S. Shim et al., “Effects of Aloe vera Flower Extract and Its Active Constituent Isoorientin on Skin Moisturization via Regulating Involucrin Expression: In Vitro and Molecular Docking Studies,” 2021. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
[7] S. Arbab, H. Ullah, W. Weiwei, X. Wei et al., “Comparative study of antimicrobial action of aloe vera and antibiotics against different bacterial isolates from skin infection,” 2021. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
[8] E. Retnowati Tadihoedojo, E. Dharmana, and C. Chodidjah, “TOPICAL ADMINISTRATION OF ALOE VERA EXTRACT GEL INCREASED THE NUMBER OF MACROPHAGES AND EPITHELIALIZATION IN UVB-INDUCED SUNBURN,” 2019. [PDF]